PhysicsLibrary

Tools & Computations

Volume I: Mechanics & Energy

The Laws of Nature

"Computations for the curious mind. Explore our archive of physics tools designed for precision and clarity."

Velocity Calculator

Calculate velocity from displacement and time.

Fig. 13 Calculate →

Acceleration Calculator

Calculate acceleration from velocity change and time.

Fig. 53 Calculate →

Displacement Calculator

Calculate displacement using velocity and time.

Fig. 75 Calculate →

Free Fall Calculator

Calculate distance fallen under gravity.

Fig. 46 Calculate →

Force Calculator (Newton's 2nd Law)

Calculate force from mass and acceleration.

Fig. 61 Calculate →

Weight Calculator

Calculate weight force from mass.

Fig. 60 Calculate →

Momentum Calculator

Calculate momentum.

Fig. 30 Calculate →

Impulse Calculator

Calculate impulse from force and time.

Fig. 27 Calculate →

Kinetic Energy Calculator

Calculate kinetic energy.

Fig. 46 Calculate →

Gravitational Potential Energy

Calculate potential energy due to gravity.

Fig. 2 Calculate →

Work Calculator

Calculate work done.

Fig. 35 Calculate →

Power Calculator

Calculate power from work and time.

Fig. 38 Calculate →

Density Calculator

Calculate density from mass and volume.

Fig. 88 Calculate →

Pressure Calculator

Calculate pressure from force and area.

Fig. 28 Calculate →

Flow Rate Calculator

Calculate flow rate from volume and time.

Fig. 24 Calculate →

Specific Heat Calculator

Calculate heat energy (Q).

Fig. 92 Calculate →

Voltage Calculator (Ohm's Law)

Calculate Voltage (V).

Fig. 71 Calculate →

Current Calculator (Ohm's Law)

Calculate Current (I).

Fig. 49 Calculate →

Resistance Calculator (Ohm's Law)

Calculate Resistance (R).

Fig. 34 Calculate →

Electric Power (VI)

Calculate electric power using P=VI.

Fig. 86 Calculate →

Resistors in Series

Calculate equivalent resistance equivalent in series.

Fig. 94 Calculate →

Resistors in Parallel

Calculate equivalent resistance in parallel.

Fig. 39 Calculate →

Capacitors in Parallel

Calculate equivalent capacitance in parallel.

Fig. 71 Calculate →

Capacitors in Series

Calculate equivalent capacitance in series.

Fig. 23 Calculate →

Coulomb's Law Calculator

Calculate electrostatic force.

Fig. 43 Calculate →

Wave Speed Calculator

Calculate wave speed from frequency and wavelength.

Fig. 16 Calculate →

Frequency Calculator

Calculate frequency from wave speed and wavelength.

Fig. 83 Calculate →

Period Calculator

Calculate period from frequency.

Fig. 51 Calculate →

Wavelength Calculator

Calculate wavelength from speed and frequency.

Fig. 15 Calculate →

Snell's Law Calculator

Calculate refraction angle.

Fig. 81 Calculate →

Lens Equation Calculator

Calculate focal length.

Fig. 84 Calculate →

Magnification Calculator

Calculate magnification from distances.

Fig. 15 Calculate →

Mass-Energy Equivalence

Calculate energy from mass (E=mc²).

Fig. 38 Calculate →

Photon Energy Calculator

Calculate photon energy.

Fig. 74 Calculate →

De Broglie Wavelength

Calculate de Broglie wavelength.

Fig. 49 Calculate →

Centripetal Acceleration

Calculate centripetal acceleration.

Fig. 86 Calculate →

Centripetal Force Calculator

Calculate centripetal force.

Fig. 8 Calculate →

Torque Calculator

Calculate torque.

Fig. 44 Calculate →

Angular Velocity Calculator

Calculate angular velocity.

Fig. 77 Calculate →

Angular Acceleration Calculator

Calculate angular acceleration.

Fig. 38 Calculate →

Rotational KE Calculator

Calculate rotational kinetic energy.

Fig. 39 Calculate →

Magnetic Force Calculator

Calculate magnetic force on a charge.

Fig. 69 Calculate →

Wire Magnetic Force Calculator

Calculate magnetic force on a current-carrying wire.

Fig. 1 Calculate →

Ideal Gas Law (Pressure)

Calculate pressure of ideal gas (PV=nRT).

Fig. 97 Calculate →

Hooke's Law Calculator

Calculate spring force.

Fig. 66 Calculate →

Elastic PE Calculator

Calculate spring potential energy.

Fig. 80 Calculate →

Projectile Range Calculator

Calculate horizontal range of a projectile.

Fig. 74 Calculate →

Projectile Max Height

Calculate maximum height of a projectile.

Fig. 65 Calculate →

Doppler Effect (Source Moving)

Calculate observed frequency (approaching).

Fig. 34 Calculate →

Bernoulli's Equation Check

Calculate constant: P + 0.5ρv² + ρgh.

Fig. 89 Calculate →

Buoyant Force (Archimedes)

Calculate buoyant force Fb = ρVg.

Fig. 79 Calculate →

Pascal's Law (Hydraulics)

Calculate F2 given F1, A1, A2 (F1/A1 = F2/A2).

Fig. 40 Calculate →

Escape Velocity

Calculate Ve = sqrt(2GM/R).

Fig. 30 Calculate →

Orbital Velocity

Calculate Vo = sqrt(GM/R).

Fig. 70 Calculate →

Time Dilation (Special Relativity)

Calculate dilated time t' = t / sqrt(1 - v²/c²).

Fig. 88 Calculate →

Length Contraction

Calculate contracted length L = L0 * sqrt(1 - v²/c²).

Fig. 54 Calculate →

Planck Relation (E=hf)

Calculate energy of photon E = hf.

Fig. 87 Calculate →

Wien's Displacement Law

Calculate peak wavelength λmax = b / T.

Fig. 71 Calculate →

Stefan-Boltzmann Law

Calculate Power P = σAT⁴.

Fig. 72 Calculate →

RMS Voltage (AC)

Calculate Vrms = Vpeak / √2.

Fig. 12 Calculate →

Transformer Equation

Calculate Secondary Voltage V2 = V1 * (N2/N1).

Fig. 92 Calculate →

LC Resonance Frequency

Calculate f = 1 / (2π√LC).

Fig. 17 Calculate →

Capacitive Reactance

Calculate Xc = 1 / (2πfC).

Fig. 6 Calculate →

Inductive Reactance

Calculate Xl = 2πfL.

Fig. 14 Calculate →

Young's Modulus

Calculate E = (F/A) / (ΔL/L0).

Fig. 4 Calculate →

Shear Modulus

Calculate G = Shear Stress / Shear Strain.

Fig. 72 Calculate →

Bulk Modulus

Calculate K = -ΔP / (ΔV/V).

Fig. 29 Calculate →

Sound Intensity Level

Calculate dB = 10 * log10(I/I0).

Fig. 83 Calculate →

Beat Frequency

Calculate f_beat = |f1 - f2|.

Fig. 97 Calculate →

Mach Number

Calculate M = v / c (speed of sound).

Fig. 76 Calculate →

Simple Pendulum Period

Calculate T = 2π√(L/g).

Fig. 57 Calculate →

Physical Pendulum Period

Calculate T = 2π√(I/mgd).

Fig. 31 Calculate →

Lorentz Factor (γ)

Calculate γ = 1 / sqrt(1 - v²/c²).

Fig. 63 Calculate →

Relativistic Mass

Calculate m = m0 / sqrt(1 - v²/c²).

Fig. 69 Calculate →

Brewster's Angle

Calculate θb = arctan(n2/n1).

Fig. 45 Calculate →

Critical Angle

Calculate θc = arcsin(n2/n1).

Fig. 50 Calculate →

Mirror Equation

Calculate focal length f = (do*di)/(do+di).

Fig. 69 Calculate →

Froude Number

Calculate Fr = v / sqrt(g*L).

Fig. 60 Calculate →

Weber Number

Calculate We = (ρv²L)/σ.

Fig. 17 Calculate →

Prandtl Number

Calculate Pr = (cp * μ) / k.

Fig. 26 Calculate →

Nusselt Number

Calculate Nu = (h * L) / k.

Fig. 4 Calculate →

Heat Conduction (Fourier Law)

Calculate Rate q = -kA(ΔT/Δx).

Fig. 59 Calculate →

Linear Thermal Expansion

Calculate ΔL = α * L0 * ΔT.

Fig. 81 Calculate →

Carnot Efficiency

Calculate η = 1 - Tc/Th.

Fig. 48 Calculate →

Entropy Change (Heat Transfer)

Calculate ΔS = Q / T.

Fig. 6 Calculate →

Energy Stored in Capacitor

Calculate E = 0.5 * C * V².

Fig. 29 Calculate →

Energy Stored in Inductor

Calculate E = 0.5 * L * I².

Fig. 24 Calculate →

RC Time Constant

Calculate τ = R * C.

Fig. 12 Calculate →

RL Time Constant

Calculate τ = L / R.

Fig. 98 Calculate →

Impulse (Change in Momentum)

Impulse J = m(vf - vi).

Fig. 66 Calculate →

Elastic Collision (V1 Final)

Final vel of mass 1 in 1D elastic collision.

Fig. 24 Calculate →

Drag Force Equation

Calculate Fd = 0.5 * ρ * v² * Cd * A.

Fig. 55 Calculate →

Stokes' Law (Viscous Drag)

Calculate Fd = 6πμrv (Laminar flow sphere).

Fig. 93 Calculate →

Center of Mass (2-Body)

Calculate Xcm = (m1x1 + m2x2) / (m1+m2).

Fig. 41 Calculate →

Moment of Inertia (Disk)

Calculate I = 0.5 * M * R².

Fig. 8 Calculate →

Moment of Inertia (Solid Sphere)

Calculate I = 0.4 * M * R².

Fig. 88 Calculate →

Newton's Gravity Force

Calculate Fg = (G*m1*m2)/r².

Fig. 93 Calculate →

Kepler's Third Law

Calculate Period T using T² = (4π²/GM)r³.

Fig. 39 Calculate →

Schwarzschild Radius

Calculate Rs = 2GM/c² (Black Hole Radius).

Fig. 82 Calculate →